Challenges and Opportunities of Online Assessment Implementation During Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia Based on Recent Studies
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
Online learning has become a new trend in Indonesian educational practices due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Since the teaching and learning process changes from face-to-face to online, conducting online assessments has become a requirement. The shift brings some challenges and opportunities. This study attempts to describe the challenges and opportunities of implementing online assessment during the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia. A library research method was implied by analyzing related research articles conducted between 2020-2022. The research procedures adapt George’s (2008) library research model. The findings reveal three challenges related to internet connectivity and the consequence of indirect interactions between the students and instructors. The first challenge is that online assessment is costly. Both teachers and students are required to pay the costs of internet access, own a digital device, and possess digital literacy. The second challenge is the possible problem of cheating and plagiarism. The next challenge is difficulty to follow students’ progress, interact effectively with them, and handle-less motivated and discouraged students. However, there are some opportunities as far as online assessment is concerned. There is more flexibility with time and space, direct and immediate feedback to students, strategies to deal with students’ anxiety, encouraging autonomous learning, increasing knowledge and experiences in online language assessment, and time management skill.
References
-
Adedoyin, O. B., & Soykan, E. (2020). Covid-19 pandemic and online learning: The challenges and opportunities. Interactive Learning Environments, 0(0), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2020.1813180.
Google Scholar
1
-
Ali, M. K., & Maksum, H. (2020). Utilization of e-learning-based ICT learning using the Google Classroom application during the Covid-19 pandemic. Journal of Education Research and Evaluation, 4(4), 373–380. https://doi.org/10.23887/jere.v4i4.29181.
Google Scholar
2
-
Alruwais, N., Wills, G., & Wald, M. (2018). Advantages and challenges of using e-assessment. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 8(1), 34–37. https://doi.org/10.18178/ijiet.2018.8.1.1008.
Google Scholar
3
-
Amos, A. A., Adelani, F. J., & Adebola, A. Y. (2015). The adoption of e-learning to the study of social studies at the secondary school levels in Nigeria. Asia Pacific Journal of Contemporary Education and Communication Technology, 1(1), 1–7.
Google Scholar
4
-
Appiah, M., & Tonder, F. van. (2018). E-assessment in higher education: A review. International Journal of Business Management and Economic Research(IJBMER), 9(6), 1454–1460. www.ijbmer.com.
Google Scholar
5
-
Arifuddin, A., Turmudi, T., & Rokhmah, U. N. (2021). Alternative assessments in online learning during Covid-19 pandemic: The strenghths and weaknesses. International Journal of Elementary Education, 5(2), 240–247. https://doi.org/10.23887/ijee.v5i2.33532.
Google Scholar
6
-
Arrieta, G. S., Dancel, J. C., & Agbisit, M. J. P. (2020). Teaching science in the new normal: understanding the experiences of junior high school science teachers. Jurnal Pendidikan MIPA, 21(2), 146–162. https://doi.org/10.23960/jpmipa/v21i2.pp146-162.
Google Scholar
7
-
Bakia, M., Shear, L., Toyama, Y., & Lasseter, A. (2012). Understanding the implications of online learning for educational productivity. In Educational Technology. U.S. Department of Education. http://ctl.sri.com/publications/displayPublication.jsp?ID=913.
Google Scholar
8
-
Basham, J. D., Blackorby, J., & Marino, M. T. (2020). Opportunity in crisis: the role of universal design for learning in educational redesign. Learning Disabilities, 18(1), 71–91.
Google Scholar
9
-
Batbaatar, N., & Amin, G. (2021). Students’ time management during online class. Education, 1(1), 189–194.
Google Scholar
10
-
Bhandari, B., Chopra, D., & Singh, K. (2020). Self-directed learning: assessment of students’ abilities and their perspective. Advances in Physiology Education, 44(3), 383–386. https://doi.org/10.1152/ADVAN.00010.2020.
Google Scholar
11
-
Çalıkoğlu, B. S. (2019). Challenge-oriented behavior types: A new explanation. International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 12(2), 197–204. https://doi.org/10.26822/iejee.2019257667.
Google Scholar
12
-
Clarin, A. S., & Baluyos, E. L. (2022). Challenges encountered in the implementation of online distance learning. EduLine: Journal of Education and Learning Innovation, 2(1), 33–46. https://doi.org/10.35877/454ri.eduline591.
Google Scholar
13
-
Divayana, D. G. H., Adiarta, A., & Suyasa, P. W. A. (2021). Development of material contents and online assessment based on the Sevima Edlink platform for online learning of program evaluation subject during Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Journal of Technology and Science Education (JOTSE), 11(2), 498–512. https://doi.org/10.3926/jotse.1243.
Google Scholar
14
-
Dwiyanti, K. E., & Suwastini, N. K. A. (2021). Assessment for writing skills in online learning. Lingua Scientia, 28(1), 8–19. https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/JJBI/article/view/29069.
Google Scholar
15
-
Efriana, L. (2021). Problems of online learning during Covid-19 pandemic in EFL classroom and the solution. JELITA: Journal of English Language Teaching and Literature, 2(1), 38–47.
Google Scholar
16
-
Fathurrochman, I. (2021). Online evaluation system in the pandemic disruption in Madrasah: Opportunities and challenges based on qualitative report. Jurnal Iqra’ : Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan, 6(2), 184–197. https://doi.org/10.25217/ji.v6i2.983.
Google Scholar
17
-
Fauzani, R. A., Senen, A., & Retnawati, H. (2021). Challenges for elementary school teachers in attitude assessment during online learning. Journal of Education Research and Evaluation, 5(3), 362–372. https://doi.org/10.23887/jere.v5i3.33226.
Google Scholar
18
-
Fitriady, G., Sugiyanto, & Sugiarto, T. (2020). Penilaian online aspek kognitif dalam pendidikan tinggi. Gelanggang Pendidikan Jasmani Indonesia, 4(2), 25–30. http://journal2.um.ac.id/index.php/jpj.
Google Scholar
19
-
Fitriyah, I., & Jannah, M. (2021). Online assessment effect in EFL classroom: An investigation on students and teachers’ perceptions. IJELTAL (Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics), 5(2), 265–284. https://doi.org/10.21093/ijeltal.v5i2.709.
Google Scholar
20
-
Fuller, R., Joynes, V., Cooper, J., Boursicot, K., & Roberts, T. (2020). Could Covid-19 be our ‘there is no alternative’ (TINA) opportunity to enhance assessment? Medical Teacher, 42(7), 781–786. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.2020.1779206.
Google Scholar
21
-
George, M. W. (2008). The elements of library research: What every student needs to know. Princeton University Press.
Google Scholar
22
-
Gherheș, V., Stoian, C. E., Fărcașiu, M. A., & Stanici, M. (2021). E-learning vs. face-to-face learning: Analyzing students’ preferences and behaviors. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(8), 4381. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13084381.
Google Scholar
23
-
Guangul, F. M., Suhail, A. H., Khalit, M. I., & Khidhir, B. A. (2020). Challenges of remote assessment in higher education in the context of Covid-19: A case study of Middle East College. Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability, 32(4), 519–535. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11092-020-09340-w.
Google Scholar
24
-
Hulbert, B., Berman, B. R., & Adams, S. (1997). Towards an understanding of “Opportunity.” Marketing Education Review, 7(3), 67–73. https://doi.org/10.1080/10528008.1997.11488608.
Google Scholar
25
-
Hung, L. T. (2021). How does online formative feedback impact student’s motivation and self-directed learning skills during the Covid-19 pandemic? Journal of Educational and Social Research, 11(5), 11–20. https://doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2021-0101.
Google Scholar
26
-
Ja’ashan, M. N. H. (2020). The challenges and prospects of using e-learning among EFL students in Bisha University. Arab World English Journal, 11(1), 124–137. https://doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol11no1.11.
Google Scholar
27
-
Joshi, A., Vinay, M., & Bhaskar, P. (2020). Impact of coronavirus pandemic on the Indian education sector: Perspectives of teachers on online teaching and assessments. Interactive Technology and Smart Education, 18(2), 205–226. https://doi.org/10.1108/ITSE-06-2020-0087.
Google Scholar
28
-
Kitishat, A. R., Omar, K. H. Al, & Momani, M. A. K. Al. (2020). The Covid-19 crisis and distance learning: E-teaching of language between reality and challenges. Asian ESP Journal, 16(51), 316–326.
Google Scholar
29
-
Kusuma, I. P. I., Mahayanti, N. W. S., Gunawan, M. H., Rachman, D., & Pratiwi, N. P. A. (2021). How well do e-portfolios facilitate students’ learning engagement in speaking courses during the Covid-19 pandemic? Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 11(2), 351–363. https://doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v11i2.30583.
Google Scholar
30
-
Luthfiyyah, R., Aisyah, A., & Sulistyo, G. H. (2021). Technology-enhanced formative assessment in higher education: A voice from Indonesian EFL teachers. EduLite: Journal of English Education, Literature and Culture, 6(1), 42–54. https://doi.org/10.30659/e.6.1.42-54.
Google Scholar
31
-
Madya, S. A., & Abdurahman. (2021). Online learning implementation during the Covid-19 pandemic. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 539, 26–31. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211110.092.
Google Scholar
32
-
Mallillin, L. L. D., Mendoza, L. C., Mallillin, J. B., Felix, R. C., & Lipayon, I. C. (2020). Implementation and readiness of online learning pedagogy: A transition to Covid 19 pandemic. European Journal of Open Education and E-Learning Studies, 5(2), 71–90. https://doi.org/10.46827/ejoe.v5i2.3321.
Google Scholar
33
-
Meşe, E., & Sevilen, Ç. (2021). Factors influencing EFL students’ motivation in online learning: A qualitative case study. Journal of Educational Technology & Online Learning, 4(1), 11–22. https://doi.org/10.31681/ jetol.817680.
Google Scholar
34
-
Ningsih, T., Yuwono, D. M., Sholehuddin, M. S., & Suharto, A. W. B. (2021). The significant of e-assessment for Indonesian literacy with character education in pandemic era. Journal of Social Studies Education Research (JSSER), 12(4), 231–256.
Google Scholar
35
-
Nurkamto, J., Prihandoko, L. A., Maret, U. S., Surakarta, K., & Java, C. (2022). Students’ problems of academic writing competencies, challenges in online thesis supervision, and the solutions: thesis supervisors’ perspectives. TEFLIN Journal, 33(1), 123–147. https://doi.org/10.15639/teflinjournal.v33i1/123-147.
Google Scholar
36
-
Phanphech, P., Tanitteerapan, T., Mungkung, N., Arunrungrusmi, S., Chunkul, C., Songruk, A., Yuji, T., & Kinoshita, H. (2022). An analysis of student anxiety affecting on online learning on conceptual applications in Physics : Synchronous vs . asynchronous learning. Education Sciences, 12(278), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12040278.
Google Scholar
37
-
Pokhrel, S., & Chhetri, R. (2021). A literature review on impact of Covid-19 pandemic on teaching and learning. Higher Education for the Future, 8(1), 133–141. https://doi.org/10.1177/2347631120983481.
Google Scholar
38
-
Rachmawati, D. L., Purwati, O., & Anam, S. (2022). ESP teachers’ sociocultural challenges in online formative assessment: voices of teachers, learners, and coordinators. Computer Assisted Language Learning Electronic Journal (CALL-EJ), 23(1), 150–167.
Google Scholar
39
-
Rapanta, C., Botturi, L., Goodyear, P., Guàrdia, L., & Koole, M. (2020). Online university teaching during and after the Covid-19 crisis: Refocusing teacher presence and learning activity. Postdigital Science and Education, 2(3), 923–945. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-020-00155-y.
Google Scholar
40
-
Saputra, D. B., Ayudhia, H. Y., & Muswari, R. (2022). Teachers’ perceptions of challenges in online learning: voices from secondary EFL teachers. JOALL (Journal of Applied Linguistics and Literature), 7(1), 104–119. https://doi.org/10.33369/joall.v7i1.18855.
Google Scholar
41
-
Sujana, I. M., Udin, U., Susanti, N. W. M., & Arifuddin, A. (2020). Integrating the deductive method and holistic assessment approach to teaching English grammar in English education programmes. Indonesian TESOL Journal, 2(2), 99–115. https://doi.org/10.24256/itj.v2i2.1201.
Google Scholar
42
-
Syafrizal, S., & Pahamzah, J. (2020). Language assessment in English language teaching: A washback of Indonesian students’ test in Covid 19 situation. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 55(4), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.35741/issn.0258-2724.55.4.40.
Google Scholar
43
-
Ukhrowiyah, N. F., Nasihah, M., & Pratawati, F. M. (2021). Language assessment in online learning: Challenges and effective strategies for ESP classrooms. Acitya: Journal of Teaching & Education, 3(1), 2021. https://doi.org/10.30650/ajte.v3i1.2156.
Google Scholar
44
-
Verhoef, A. H., & Coetser, Y. M. (2021). Academic integrity of university students during emergency remote online assessment: An exploration of student voices. Transformation in Higher Education, 6, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.4102/THE.V6I0.132.
Google Scholar
45
-
Wibowo, F. E., & Novitasari, U. (2021). An analysis of online assessment in teaching English. PROJECT (Professional Journal of English Education), 4(3), 521–529. https://doi.org/10.22460/project.v4i3.p521-529.
Google Scholar
46
-
Widiastuti, I. A. M. S., Mantra, I. B. N., Sukoco, H., & Santosa, M. H. (2021). Online assessment strategies to enhance students’ competence and their implementational challenges. JEES (Journal of English Educators Society), 6(2), 245–251. https://doi.org/10.21070/jees.v6i2.1378.
Google Scholar
47
-
Yulianto, D., & Mujtahid, N. M. (2021). Online assessment during Covid-19 pandemic: EFL teachers’ perspectives and their practices. JET (Journal of English Teaching), 7(2), 229–242. https://doi.org/10.33541/jet.v7i2.2770.
Google Scholar
48
-
Zboun, J. S., & Farrah, M. (2021). Students’ perspectives of online language learning during corona pandemic: Benefits and challenges. Indonesian EFL Journal (IEFLJ), 7(1), 13–20. https://doi.org/10.25134/ieflj.v7i1.3986.
Google Scholar
49
-
Zhang, C., Yan, X., & Wang, J. (2021). EFL teachers’ online assessment practices during the Covid-19 pandemic: Changes and mediating factors. Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 30(6), 499–507. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40299-021-00589-3.
Google Scholar
50
Similar Articles
- Karman Kurban Alteshehr, Selcuk Acar, Adam Sahin, Yetkin Yildirim, Faruk Taban, College Students’ Academic Online Engagement, Creative Self-Efficacy, Self-Regulation and Wellbeing During the Pandemic , European Journal of Education and Pedagogy: Vol. 4 No. 6 (2023)
- Paul Kwame Butakor, The Use of e-Portfolios as a Teaching, Learning and Assessment Tool in Higher Education: Differing Opinions among Ghanaian Pre-Service Teachers and Nurses , European Journal of Education and Pedagogy: Vol. 5 No. 6 (2024)
- Malebohang Catherine Morena, Setho John Mokhetsengoane, Maqenehelo Letseka-Manka, The Experiences of Part-time Primary School Teachers Studying in One University in Lesotho , European Journal of Education and Pedagogy: Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024)
- Meini Su, Lin Ma, Dongda Zhang, Akilu Yunusa-Kaltungo, Clara Cheung, Exploring Benefits and Concerns of Incorporating Digital Tools into Engineering Education , European Journal of Education and Pedagogy: Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025)
- Maka Kordzadze, Ekaterine Kalandadze, Irina Dvali, Eka Kordzadze, Nino Kikodze, Providing Accessibility of Quality Education in War-Affected Areas: Case of the Georgian Village Avlevi , European Journal of Education and Pedagogy: Vol. 5 No. 6 (2024)
- Ray Butch Daclan Mahinay, Edralin Cañedo Manla, Qualitative Insights on the Implementation of the Alternative Learning System in the Philippines , European Journal of Education and Pedagogy: Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025)
- Jane Frances Akinyi Rarieya, Fortidas Bakuza, Nyagwegwe Chaulo Wango, Strengthening Education Systems through Development of Champion Teacher: The Experience of Implementation of the F4L Project in East Africa , European Journal of Education and Pedagogy: Vol. 5 No. 4 (2024)
- Paul T. Olimpos, Effect of Computer-Based Training Materials Using Flat Diagrams and Graphics Animations on Students’ Familiarization of Marine Auxiliary Machinery , European Journal of Education and Pedagogy: Vol. 5 No. 3 (2024)
- Fatimaazzahra El Mouatarif, Zineb Bennour, Zineb Al Jalil , Mohammed Chahbouni, Mohammed Mouhaoui, Samira Elarabi, High-Fidelity Simulation in Dental Treatment under General Anesthesia: An Interventional Study , European Journal of Education and Pedagogy: Vol. 5 No. 6 (2024)
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.